End Feed Fittings

End feed fittings, also known as capillary fittings, are usually used for copper joints. Commonly used fittings include straight connectors, reducers, bends, and tees. There are two types of solder fittings: end feed fittings which contain no solder, and solder ring fittings (also known as Yorkshire fittings)
Since copper pipe quickly conducts heat away from a joint, great care must be taken to ensure that the joint is properly heated through to obtain a good bond. After the joint is properly cleaned, fluxed and fitted, the torch flame is applied to the thickest part of the joint, typically the fitting with the pipe inside it with the solder applied at the gap between the tube and the fitting. When all the parts are heated through, the solder will melt and flow into the joint by capillary action. The torch may need to be moved around the joint to ensure all areas are wetted out. The installer must take care to not overheat the areas being soldered. If the tube begins to discolor it means that the tube has been over-heated and is beginning to oxidize, stopping the flow of the solder and causing the soldered joint not to seal properly
As with all solder joints, all parts to be joined must be clean and oxide free. Internal and external wire brushes are available as well as wire wool and cleaning strips for copper pipe and fittings and Building codes currently universally require the use of lead-free solder for potable (drinking) water pipes